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HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

The largest organ of the body - Skin.

Skin is the largest or biggest human body organ. The average weight of skin in human body is about 10,886 grams which varies according to the size and weight of human being. Human skin is made up of different ectodermal tissues and it protects all the inner body organs like liver, glands, stomach, heart etc. Other functions are heat regulation, interaction with atmosphere, protection from diseases, absorption and sensation. 

The total number of bones in an adult - 206

The adult skeleton consists of 206 bones . . . 

28 skull bones (8 cranial, 14 facial, and 6 ear bones);

 
The horseshoe-shaped hyoid bone of the neck;

26 vertebrae (7 cervical or neck, 12 thorax, 5 lumbar or loins, the sacrum which is five fused vertebrae, and the coccyx, our vestigial tail, which is four fused vertebrae);

24 ribs plus the sternum or breastbone; the shoulder girdle (2 clavicles, the most frequently fractured bone in the body, and 2 scapulae);

 the pelvic girdle (2 fused bones); 

 30 bones in our arms and legs (a total of 120);

 There are also a few partial bones, ranging from 8-18 in number, which are related to joints. 

The smallest bone of the body - Stapes 

The smallest bone in the human body is the stirrup bone, the stapes, one of the 3 bones that make up your middle ear; measuring 2-3 millimeters. It shaped like a “U” and is the innermost bone that receives sound vibrations and passes them along to the cochlea to eventually be interpreted by the brain.

Coming it at a close second and third, the other 2 bones in your ear, the anvil (incus) and the hammer (malleus). The malleus is situated right after the tympanic membrane (eardrum); the incus is next, which is connected to the stapes. The stapes is the last portion of the middle that terminates in the oval window, the opening to the cochlea. These bones function to concentrate and intensify the sound vibrations heard from the outer ear, so that when the vibrations reach the cochlea, the fine hairs that line its long tunnel can trigger neurons (brain cells) that send the sound signals to the brain for interpretation.